Corruption, deceit, and greed have contributed to the current economic climate and created fear, uncertainty and doubt for many Americans. This has caused some investors to wonder if the
academically supported investment strategies should be altered in light of today’s economic challenges. The information that Wall Street uses to price stocks, such as earning reports and unemployment data, is sometimes tainted or wrong, and investors’ emotions can cause rampant buying (e.g. 1999) and selling (e.g. 2008). In other words, the markets are not perfect. But these facts don’t alter the rules of saving and investing, because there is no method for predicting such situations.